This meta-analysis offers specific research-based teaching techniques for improving the writing proficiency of students in Grades 4–12. Eleven strategies are highlighted in the report including summarization, collaborative writing, prewriting, and inquiry activities as well as writing for the content areas. The premise of this report focuses on the need of all students, not just those that may have been identified as low performing, to become proficient and responsive writers. The report also notes that while the highlighted strategies are supported by research, they do not represent a comprehensive writing curriculum, and recommends their use as tools for flexible classroom instruction to support adolescent literacy.
U.S. Department of Education
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